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Landmarks of American History and Culture:
Workshops for School Teachers

The American Skyscraper: Transforming Chicago and the Nation
July 7–13 or July 21–27, 2013

Official for 2012

Dear Colleague:

Greetings from Chicago! Join us this summer at the Chicago Architecture Foundation (CAF) for the National Endowment for the Humanities' Landmarks of American History and Culture Workshop for School Teachers, The American Skyscraper: Transforming Chicago and the Nation.

The skyscraper, more than any other building type, gives American cities their distinctive character. During this week-long workshop, we invite you to investigate the American skyscraper as a physical and cultural construct. By examining the significance of the skyscraper in Chicago, the workshop will engage you in exploring how to use primary source buildings in your teaching. We'll address the questions: How did the rise of the skyscraper stimulate and reflect change in American life? What does this development indicate about the future of countries that are still building large numbers of tall buildings?

We've assembled a terrific group of scholars who will present skyscrapers as artifacts and symbols of transformations in American life.  Walking tours of the Loop to explore some of Chicago's most spectacular examples of tall buildings coupled with hands-on activities will help bring this iconic building type to life and help you create engaging lessons across the K-12 curriculum including social sciences and history, language arts, science, mathematics, and fine and visual arts.

CAF’s headquarters, located in the historic Railway Exchange building (D.H. Burnham & Co., 1904), will serve as our base of operations for the workshop. The Railway Exchange building is located in the heart of the downtown Chicago commercial district, an incomparable grouping of nineteenth and twentieth century skyscrapers that will serve as the project’s landmark study site.

Thank you for your interest in our Summer 2013 NEH Landmarks workshop, The American Skyscraper: Transforming Chicago and the Nation. Below are details designed to give you a good idea of what to expect from our workshop and your stay in Chicago, including information on workshop themes, faculty scholars, workshop staff, accomodations, and the application process. If you need additional information, please email me at NEHLandmarks(at)architecture.org. We look forward to reviewing your application.

Sincerely,
Jennifer Masengarb
Project Director
Chicago Architecture Foundation

 

 

Any views, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this program do not necessarily reflect those of the National Endowment for the Humanities.

Themes


Week's Activities

Faculty


Resources, Readings, and Assignments


Housing and Meals


Application Procedures and Deadlines


Feedback from Past Participants

 

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Week’s Activities

Our workshop begins on Sunday afternoon at 3:00 pm and runs until noon the following Saturday. After a meet & greet opening reception with CAF staff at the historic Railway Exchange building, we’ll introduce Chicago skyscrapers through our first lecture followed by our renowned Architecture River Cruise.

Our days will begin at 9:00 am.  End times will vary.  Each day will begin with a presentation by one of the invited faculty scholars. The walking tours, activities, and readings will support the workshop's six major themes. Chicago Loop buildings we’ll be visiting during the workshop include: the Railway Exchange Building, Fisher Building, Marquette Building, Monadnock Building, Manhattan Building, Field Building, The Rookery, The Auditorium Building, Sullivan Center (formerly Carson Pirie Scott), Tribune Tower, Reliance Building, and Federal Center.

Hands-on activities woven throughout the week will offer you a wide array of strategies for integrating skyscrapers and the built environment into your classroom lessons.  Ample time is designed into the week for working with workshop leaders, master teacher, and workshop colleagues to develop teaching resources. Your final assignment will include the development of a project and a reflective essay.

PLEASE NOTE: We have designed each day’s instruction to include a mix of lecture, discussion, tours, and hands-on application activities. You should be prepared to participate in outdoor walking tours of up to two hours in length. Additionally, many workshop activities will be conducted outdoors. We consider the activity level for this workshop to be moderately active.

Themes

We’ll explore the impact of the skyscraper on Chicago and the nation through six major themes:  myth, geography, urban culture, representation, identity, and new landmarks.  

Myth: The workshop begins with an introduction to the construction of skyscrapers and construction of meaning.  Participants will wrestle with the definition of the skyscraper by exploring how widespread misconceptions about invention have formed the basis of skyscraping tales. Examining humanities ideas about history, nations, evolution, and heroes will prepare you for work in learning about and then engaging students in understanding tall buildings.

Geography: The development of skyscrapers in 19th-century Chicago is closely linked to infrastructural innovations that reshaped the city’s landscape. By exploiting its geographic conditions and creating systems that linked Chicago with the country and the world, the city attracted waves of migrants and immigrants throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Transportation and communication networks, such as the river/canal, rail, and telegraph, enabled Chicago’s growing population to connect to the world. Skyscrapers allowed more people to work within ever-denser areas; increasing land prices encouraged developers to build taller. The lecture and readings will address the relationship between Chicago’s geography and its growth as a metropolis and center for skyscraper innovation.

Urban Culture: Skyscrapers profoundly changed the physical and cultural landscape of 19th century cities, prompting fierce debates. On one side, some architects and property owners embraced tall buildings as the key to urban modernization. Social reformers and labor supporters viewed skyscrapers as symbols of oppression for immigrant workers. Joanna Merwood-Salisbury will present research on the first skyscrapers in 1890s Chicago within a cultural and social context, outlining intense debate in the popular press of the day. Her approach will examine the rise of the first skyscrapers within the context of building trade strikes, the Haymarket Riots, The World’s Columbian Exposition of 1893, and Burnham and Bennett’s 1909 Plan of Chicago. Merwood-Salisbury will encourage educators to investigate how skyscrapers helped define urban culture for the people of Chicago and the nation.

Representation: Architects communicate the beauty, power, and identity of their designs through sketches, drawings, and photographs. The Chicago Tribune Tower competition of 1922 spurred architects from around the world to design "a new and beautiful home worthy of the world’s greatest newspaper." More publicity stunt than design competition, this controversial event is remembered as a turning point in American architecture. Katherine Solomonson’s research on the Chicago Tribune Competition will serve as a case study to examine the ways architects represent skyscrapers as visual icons and how such images inform and influence public opinion about architecture, civic pride, and cultural identity.

Identity: All buildings were modern once. And no building is intended to be permanent. How does a city’s civic identity influence which buildings are built, kept, or torn down? Through two case studies – the Reliance Building (D.H. Burnham & Co, 1895), and the Federal Center (Mies van der Rohe, 1964, 1974) – educators will learn about the painstaking restorations of two iconic Chicago skyscrapers, constructed 70 years apart. Lectures, case studies, and field visits will illustrate how skyscrapers symbolize the constructed narrative about the Chicago School that shaped Chicago preservation and urban renewal movements of the 1950s and 1960s.

New Landmarks: In the 1890s, architects came to Chicago to pursue professional opportunities. Today, Chicago architecture firms design super-tall skyscrapers in Asia and the Middle East. The day’s theme, lecture, and site visits will compare and contrast the tremendous growth of 19th century Chicago with today’s boom towns. You’ll be encouraged to apply knowledge of what made Chicago a hotbed for skyscraper development in the 1890s to today’s burgeoning cities, challenging you to consider how the construction of skyscrapers defines urban culture and identity in places separated by half a globe and more than 100 years.

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Faculty Scholars

Gregory K. Dreicer, Ph.D. is Vice President of Interpretation and Exhibitions at CAF and serves as faculty advisor for this Landmarks project.  Dreicer has curated more than 20 exhibitions including Between Fences, a Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition Service; and Chicago Model City, featuring a large‐scale model of downtown Chicago. His research focuses on international development of the industrialized construction strategies that led to the skyscraper. Dr. Dreicer’s lecture will explore the inseparability of the construction of buildings and the construction of meaning.

Henry Binford, Ph.D. is an Associate Professor of History and Urban Affairs at Northwestern University specializing in the 19th century evolution of subcommittee’s within cities and suburbs and redevelopment efforts of cities in the 20th century. He is the author of The First Suburbs: Residential Communities on the Boston Periphery, 1815‐1860 (University of Chicago Press, 1985) as well as numerous entries in The Encyclopedia of Chicago. Dr. Binford’s lecture will outline six stages of Chicago history and explore the relationships between people, geography, and growth of the city.

Joanna Merwood‐Salisbury, Ph.D. is Assistant Professor and Director of Academic Affairs in the School of Constructed Environments, at Parsons The New School for Design where she teaches courses focused on 19th century architecture and urbanism in the United States. She is the author of Chicago 1890: The Skyscraper and the Modern City (University of Chicago Press, 2009). Dr. Merwood‐Salisbury’s lecture will explore what skyscrapers meant to Chicagoans who designed, built, and worked in them.

Katherine Solomonson, Ph.D. is Associate Dean of Academic Affairs in the College of Design at the University of Minnesota where her teaching and scholarship address the complex roles built environments play in the production of values, identities, and social relations. She is the author of Cass Gilbert in the West (University of Minnesota Press, forthcoming) and The Chicago Tribune Tower Competition: Skyscraper Design and Cultural Change in the 1920s (University of Chicago Press, 2003). Dr. Solomonson’s lecture will explore the impact of the 1922 Chicago Tribune Tower Competition on the architectural community and citizens of Chicago.

Mary Woolever is Art and Architecture Archivist at the Ryerson & Burnham Libraries at the Art Institute of Chicago where she is responsible for acquisition, organization, research, and exhibition of the architecture and art archival collections. In 1989, Woolever directed the completion of the Burnham Index to Architectural Literature. For the Landmarks workshop, Woolever will introduce educators to sketches, photographs, and architectural drawings from some of the most significant buildings in Chicago, examining how these primary source documents were created to conceptualize, create, document, or persuade.

Joel Berman, AIA is Principal Architect at Joel Berman Architecture & Design. Berman has extensive architectural design experience in retail, institutional master planning, and health care projects. Since 1997, he has also served on the faculty of Columbia College Chicago and The School of the Art Institute of Chicago, teaching architectural sketching and color rendering. He also leads sketching courses for adult learners at CAF. For the Landmarks workshop, Berman will discuss how illustrations influence the way buildings are perceived and lead educators through drawing techniques suitable for beginners and classroom use.

Doug Gilbert, AIA is Principal Architect of his own architectural practice in Oak Park, Illinois. With more than 15 years of experience in preserving and restoring historic structures, he has served as Project Architect for the preservation or restoration of Chicago landmarks including: the Reliance Building/Hotel Burnham (D.H. Burnham & Co. 1895); the Carson Pirie Scott Building/Sullivan Center (Louis Sullivan, 1899); and S.R. Crown Hall (Mies van der Rohe, 1956). Gilbert’s lecture will explore the restoration of the Reliance Building and how this historic structure is seen as an important ‘proto‐modern’ building in American architecture.

Paul Steinbrecher, AIA is Principal Architect at Design Eight Architects (IDEA) in Chicago, Illinois. Steinbrecher has more than 20 years of experience in new construction and preservation projects throughout the Midwest. Current projects include restoration of the façade at the Federal Center buildings in Chicago (Mies van der Rohe, 1964, 1974), Milwaukee, and Cleveland. Recently he served as Project Manager for construction of the new Modern Wing at the Art Institute of Chicago. For the workshop, Steinbrecher will discuss modernism, Mies’ life and built works, and Chicago’s reaction to the midcentury glass and steel box.

Antony Wood, Ph.D., RIBA, is Executive Director of the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) and Studio Associate Professor in the College of Architecture at Illinois Institute of Technology. Since 2006, Wood has been responsible for day‐to‐day operations of the CTBUH, the world’s leading body in the field of tall buildings and recognized source arbiter of the criteria upon which tall building height is measured. Dr. Wood’s lecture will discuss current international design and technology trends in tall buildings, including the hundreds of skyscrapers being constructed in Asia and the Middle East.

Chicago Architecture Foundation Staff
Jennifer Masengarb has over 12 years of experience at CAF developing and delivering professional development, in-service and pre-service workshops for K-12 teachers designed to model innovative ways to use the local built environment as the context for teaching the core academic subjects.  She is the author of Schoolyards to Skylines: Teaching with Chicago’s Amazing Architecture; The Architecture Handbook: A Student Guide to Understanding Buildings; and CAF's newest digital learning tool for teens and teachers DiscoverDesign.org. Jennifer Masengarb earned a Bachelor of Architecture degree from the University of Detroit Mercy and a Master of Architectural History and Historic Preservation degree from the University of Virginia.

Master Teacher and Support Staff: Master teacher Teresa Laslo holds an MA in Special Education and has 30 years of teaching experience. Laslo taught middle school Social Sciences, and has served as a Social Sciences coach for high school and elementary teachers, as well as a Standards‐Based Instruction coach for the Chicago Public Schools. Deb Rodak, Education Associate, joined the Education staff in 2008, where she coordinates student field trip and family programs.  Ms. Rodak is a certified CAF docent.

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Resources, Readings, and Assignments

Six weeks prior to the workshop, we’ll send you a packet of selected readings which we strongly recommend you read prior to arriving in Chicago.  The readings support the six major themes.

During the week, you will receive additional reading materials from lecturers.  You will also receive your own copy of CAF’s Schoolyards to Skylines: Teaching with Chicago’s Amazing Architecture.   This award-winning resource book is designed to help teachers use architecture as a dynamic tool for teaching social sciences and history, language arts, science, mathematics, and fine and visual arts.  We will be incorporating several of the book’s activities into the workshop.

During the week, we will offer opportunities to meet with fellow participants, workshop staff, and our master teacher to begin to develop teaching activities.  On our final day together, you will participate in grade-based group discussions, full group discussions, and present your project ideas to the group.  Once you return home you will submit a summary of your project and a reflective essay.

We are interested in the impact of this workshop on your teaching, so we will be contacting you again six months after the completion of the workshop to ask you about its impact on your teaching and your students’ engagement with the subject.

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Housing and Meals

You get to live among the skyscrapers we will be studying! 
The University Center, located an easy four block walk south of the Railway Exchange building (http://www.universitycenterconference.com/) will be your home away home for the week.   We have reserved a block of apartment-style units with 4 private twin bedrooms and 2 baths in each unit.  The rate is approximately $100.00 per person/per day.  A full breakfast option will be available for an additional fee.  All units have internet access.  The University Center offers full-service overnight accommodations, including use of the building’s recreation area, fitness center, outdoor terrace, dining center, and retail services.  You will also have access to kitchen areas and laundry facilities. All units are furnished and include an extra-long twin bed, desk and chair, bookcase, and closet.   Your room will include sheets, pillow, pillowcase, blanket, towel, washcloth, soap and shampoo.  

The Chicago Architecture Foundation will arrange for housing, and with your consent, will deduct the cost of housing-- $ 600 estimated from the $1200 stipend.   Dinners and lunches will be on your own.

Stipend
You will receive a $1200 stipend to help cover the costs of housing, books, food, and travel expenses to and from the workshop location.  You will receive the balance of your stipend at the end of the week.  Stipends are taxable.

About Chicago
Lake Michigan and its beaches, Navy Pier, Millennium Park, the Magnificent Mile, the Chicago River, hundreds of restaurants, dozens of museums, theaters, and music clubs, two baseball teams, and one spectacular skyline make Chicago an exciting place to visit.  So, plan to come early or stay longer to enjoy all the city has to offer. We will be creating a list of our staff’s favorite restaurants as well as list of fun things to do in the evenings during your stay in Chicago. Here are a couple of web links to whet your appetites for all things Chicago.
http://www.explorechicago.org/city/en.html
http://www.millenniumpark.org/

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Application Procedures and Deadlines

This workshop is designed principally for classroom teachers and librarians in public, private, parochial, and charter schools, as well as home schooling parents who want to learn more about the American Skyscraper. Other K-12 school personnel, including administrators, substitute teachers, and classroom paraprofessionals, are eligible to participate, subject to available space.

To apply to this workshop, you must first register electronically with the NEH, then mail an application package to the Chicago Architecture Foundation as outlined below.  For complete application guidelines and procedures, please click here.

A complete application package consists of three copies of the following collated items:
• Completed NEH cover sheet
• Your résumé
• Your application essay (no longer than ONE double-spaced page) as outlined below.
• Plus one copy of a letter of recommendation on school letterhead from the principal or department head of your teaching institution or the head of a home schooling association in support of your application.

The Application Cover Sheet
The application cover sheet must be filled out on line at this address: https://securegrants.neh.gov/education/participants/ Please fill it out on line as directed by the prompts. When you are finished, be sure to click on the “submit” button. Print out the cover sheet and add it to your application package. At that point you will be asked if you want to apply to another workshop. If you do, follow the prompts and select another workshop and then print out the cover sheet for that workshop.

Résumé
Please include a résumé detailing your educational qualifications and professional experience.

The Application Essay
Perhaps the most important part of the completed application is an essay of up to ONE double-spaced page. We are most interested in your responses to the following questions:  What is your interest in this workshop topic?  How will attending this workshop enhance your teaching or school service?  How will you share your experience with colleagues?

Letter of Recommendation
Applicants should provide a letter of recommendation from their school principal, department head, district administrator, or home-schooling association president as appropriate. It is helpful for referees to read the description of the project sent by the director and the application essay. Please ask your referee to sign his/her name across the seal on the back of the envelope containing the letter, and enclose the letter with your application. Be sure your name is included on both the letter and the envelope.

Submitting your Application Package
Your collated application package must be postmarked no later than March 4, 2013. Please note that applications sent directly to the NEH will not be reveiwed.

Send application package to:

Jennifer Masengarb
Senior Manager of Educational Research
Chicago Architecture Foundation
224 South Michigan Ave
Suite 430
Chicago, IL 60604

Successful candidates will be notified by April 1, 2013. If accepted, you must confirm or decline your participation by April 5, 2013. After this date, open spaces will be offered to alternates.

Once you have accepted an offer to attend any NEH Summer Program (NEH Landmarks Workshop, NEH Summer Seminar, or NEH Summer Institute), you may not accept an additional offer or withdraw in order to accept a different offfer.

Equal Opportunity Statement
Endowment programs do not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, disability, or age. For further information, write to NEH Equal Opportunity Officer, 1100 Pennsylvania Ave., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20506. TDD: 202.606.8282 (for the hearing impaired only).

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Feedback from Past NEH Summer Scholars

Here's what previous participants said about their experience at The American Skyscraper workshop in Chicago:

“Chicago! WOW! Nothing else compares to how the skyscrapers have influenced this town and the world. This is where to come if you want to learn about skyscrapers and their influence on people, the Nation and the World. It really opened my eyes to how they changed our society. I gained many wonderful ideas for my classroom.”

“Let me start by saying how pleased I was with our housing for the program. I know this may sound trivial, but as a grown man, I really don't like having to share a dorm room with someone I don't know well. At the same time, I also hate feeling anti-social when I ask for a single room. The University Center was the perfect solution. I had my own bedroom but shared common space with other participants. Perfect! The location was great too-central to anywhere I wanted to go.”

“Exceeded my most optimistic expectations. The entire week was well-organized, well-paced, and packed with a mix of valuable information and pedagogical ideas. There is very little that will not be useful to me in my teaching--a rare thing in such workshops--from broad concepts, to specific content, to teaching strategies. I see architecture becoming a key topic in my fifth-grade classroom, much to the enrichment of my students' experience.”

“The Chicago Architecture Foundation put together a top-notch program for educators, creating a nice blend of academic lectures, pedagogy and visits to buildings around Chicago.”

“I knew very little about architecture and paid very little attention to it before this workshop. Not only will I be able to incorporate architecture into my U.S. history classes, I also learned a lot about the history of Chicago, the city that dominated my 1870-1900 "Industrialization & Urbanization" unit.”

“There was no way that this could have been done in any other city. The unique place of Chicago in the story of skyscrapers made this a fantastic place to learn and SEE these buildings.”

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